22. There can be no question that 'Ωσαννα represents )n@af h(ay#@wh but probably in an
abbreviated form of pronunciation )n@af (#@awh (comp. Siegfried in Hilgenfeld's Zeitsch. f.
wissensch. Theol. for 1884, p. 385).
23. Ps. cxviii. 25, 26.
24. As will be remembered, it formed the last Psalm in what was called the Hallel (Ps.
cxiii.-cxviii). For the mode in which, and the occasions on which it was chanted, see
'Temple, &c.' pp. 191 -193. The remarks of Godet on the subject (Comm. on St. John xii.)
are not accurate.
26. Midr. on Ps. cxviii., ed. Warsh., pp. 85 b, last 3 lines, and p. 86 a.
25. ver. 29.
27. A common Jewish expression, )ml(, Babha Mez. 85 a, line 3 from top, or )ml( ylwk
Ber. 58 a, about the middle.
28. St. Luke.
29. The expression: stones bearing witness when sin has been committed, is not
uncommon in Jewish writings. See Taan. 11 a; Chag. 16 a.
'Again the procession advanced. The road descends a slight declivity, and the glimpse
of the City is again withdrawn behind the intervening ridge of Olivet. A few moments and
the path mounts again, it climbs a rugged ascent, it reaches a ledge of smooth rock,
and in an instanc e the whole City bursts into view. As now the dome of the Mosque El-
Aksa rises like a Ghost from the earth before the traveller stands on the ledge, so then
must have risen the Temple -tower; as now the vast enclosure of the Mussulman
sanctuary, so then mus t have spread the Temple courts; as now the grey town on its
broken hills, so then the magnificent City, with its background - long since vanished
away - of gardens and suburbs on the western plateau behind. Immediately before was
the Valley of the Kedron, here seen in its greatest depth as it joins the Valley of Hinnom,
and thus giving full effect to the great peculiarity of Jerusalem, seen only on its eastern
side - its situation as of a City rising out of a deep abyss. It is hardly possible to doubt
that this rise and turn of the road - this rocky ledge - was the exact point where the
multitude paused again, and "He, when He beheld the City, wept over it."' Not with still
weeping (εδακρυσεν ), as at the grave of Lazarus, but with loud and deep lamentation
(εκλαυσεν ). The contrast was, indeed, terrible between the Jerusalem that rose before
Him in all its beauty, glory, and security, and the Jerusalem which He saw in vision
dimly rising on the sky, with the camp of the enemy around about it on every side,
hugging it closer and closer in deadly embrace, and the very 'stockade' which the
Roman Legions raised around it;30 then, another scene in the shifting panorama, and
the city laid with the ground, and the gory bodies of her children among her ruins; and
yet another scene: the silence and desolateness of death by the Hand of God - not one
stone left upon another! We know only too well how literally this vision has become
reality; and yet, though uttered as prophecy by Christ, and its reason so clearly stated,
Israel to this day knows not the things which belong unto its peace, and the upturned
scattered stones of its dispersion are crying out in testimony against it. But to this day,